What is the treatment of choice for acute arterial embolism of an extremity?

• A. Intravenous heparin
• B. Embolectomy
• C. Amputation
• D. Aspirin

Answer: (B)

Acute arterial embolism of a limb is a true time-sensitive emergency, where restoring blood flow to prevent irreversible tissue damage is the priority. The best treatment is urgent embolectomy to physically remove the embolus and reestablish arterial perfusion. While intravenous heparin is started right away to prevent further clot propagation and stabilize the patient, it does not rapidly restore flow on its own. Aspirin alone isn’t enough to treat an acute occlusion, and amputation is only considered if the limb is already nonviable. After embolectomy, ongoing anticoagulation and evaluation for the embolic source are important to prevent recurrence.