When evaluating a patient with an irritated eye and no obvious wound, what is the initial step in assessment?

• A. Measure visual acuity
• B. Fluorescein dye instillation
• C. Topical anesthetic drops
• D. Measure intraocular pressure

Answer: (A)

Baseline assessment of visual function is the priority when a patient presents with an irritated eye and no obvious wound. Measuring visual acuity provides a quick, objective read on how well the eye is functioning and establishes a reference point for monitoring changes after treatment. Even without obvious injury, subtle vision loss can signal problems in the cornea, lens, retina, or optic nerve that may require urgent care. After acuity is documented, you can pursue further testing as indicated: fluorescein staining to look for corneal epithelial defects if suspicion arises, intraocular pressure measurement if signs point to glaucoma or globe injury, and topical anesthetic drops are generally avoided before the full exam because they can mask findings and alter exam accuracy.